Descr1ption:
Hafnium is a silver-gray metal with metallic luster; there are two variants of metallic hafnium: α hafnium is a hexagonal close-packed variant (1750 ° C), and its transition temperature is higher than that of zirconium. Hafnium metal has allotropic variants at high temperature. Hafnium metal has a high neutron absorption cross section and can be used as a control material for reactors.
Hafnium Uses and Applications
1. Electronic materials
Since hafnium easily emits electrons, it can be used as the cathode of X-ray tubes. It is expected to be used to manufacture the next generation of smaller electronic devices, photovoltaic manufacturing equipment and more efficient photovoltaic cells.
2. Atomic energy industry
Hafnium metal has excellent welding performance, processing performance, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, so it has become an important material in the atomic energy industry. Hafnium has a large thermal neutron capture cross section and is an ideal neutron absorber, which can be used as a control rod and protective device for atomic reactors
3. The field of chemistry
Hafnium can be used as a getter in many gas-filled systems. Hafnium getters remove unwanted gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, etc. present in the system. In addition, hafnium has strong anti-volatility and is often used as an additive for hydraulic oil to prevent the volatilization of hydraulic oil during high-risk operations.
4. Alloy material
Hafnium has the properties of ductility, oxidation resistance and high temperature resistance. It is also a good alloy material and is used in many alloys. For example, a hafnium-niobium alloy containing 10% hafnium can be used as a lunar rocket nozzle, and a tantalum-tungsten alloy containing 2% hafnium can be used as a protective layer material for spacecraft due to its high creep strength.
There are two crystal structures: when the temperature is below 1300 °C, it is a hexagonal close-packed (α-formula); when the temperature is above 1300 °C, it is a body-centered cubic (β-formula). A plastic metal that becomes hard and brittle in the presence of impurities. Stable in air, only darkens on the surface when burning. The filament can be ignited with the flame of a match. Properties like zirconium. Not with water, dilute acid or strong alkali, but easily soluble in aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid. It is mainly +4 valence in the compound. Hafnium alloy (Ta4HfC5) is known to have a high melting point (about 4215°C)
ZHX specializes in producing high purity uniform shaped Hafnium Pellets with the highest possible density Ultra High Purity (99.999%) Hafnium Pelletsand smallest possible average grain sizes for use in semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes including Thermal and Electron Beam (E-Beam) Evaporation, Low Temperature Organic Evaporation, Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Metallic-Organic and Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD). Our standard Pellet sizes range from 1/8" x 1/8" to 1/4" x 1/4" and 3 mm diameter. We can also provide Pellets outside this range for ultra high purity thin film applications, such as fuel cells and solar energy layers. Materials are produced using crystallization, solid state and other ultra high purification processes such as sublimation. ZHX specializes in producing custom compositions for commercial and research applications and for new proprietary technologies.ZHX also casts any of the rare earth metals and most other advanced materials into rod, bar, or plate form, as well as other machined shapes and through other processes such as nanoparticles and in the form of solutions and organometallics. ZHX produces to many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. We also produce Hafnium as rod, ingot, powder, pieces, disc, granules, wire, and in compound forms, such as oxide. Other shapes are available by request.
The sputtering targets we produced are high purity, it’s most important benefits are that your films possess an outstanding level of electrical conductivity and minimized particle formation during the PVD process. Below form is a typically Certificate of analysis for 3N5 high purity hafnium sputtering target.
Analytical Methods:
1. Metallic elements were analyzed using GDMS.
2. Gas elements were analyzed using LECO.
